Abstract
Medicinal and Aromatic plants are well recognized and utilized throughout the world for their biological efficacy in healthcare system which is attributed to the abundance of diverse biochemical repository of secondary metabolites. The new compounds, biosynthesized in plants are being explored continuously since ancient time and also in modern times by focusing on their chemical structures and biological potential as drugs, fragrance, dyes, neutraceutical etc. Himalayan region of Uttarakhand (India) is big repository of aromatic and medicinal plants in subtropical Tarai Bhabar, temperate to alpine regions. Zingiberaceae,commonly known as the ginger family, includes flowering plants with more than 1300 species divided into 57 genera. The plants are distributed throughout tropical Africa, Asia, and America and have been widely used in traditional Chinese and Indian medicine to prevent and treat numerous pathologies. Plants of this family are also used as foods, and to produce natural dyes. Because of its use in oriental medicine as well as spices and culinary flavoring agents, members of Zingiberaceae family have
been subjected to substantial chemical and pharmaceutical research. Due to diverse nature of this family and excellent source of bioactive compounds along with tremendous pharmacological properties, numerous plants of this family including Alpinia, Hedychium, Curcuma, Globba, Roscoae and Zingiber have been explored from several decades for their chemical diversity and medicinal properties by researchers. The plants of the family exhibit diverse chemical nature and possess potent pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, hepatoprotective activities along with potential against microbes (antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral) and insect pests (antifeedant, insecticidal). Acorus calamus ( Acoraceae), is a semi-aquatic, perennial aromatic medicinal plant, commonly known as ‘Sweet flag’. The native range of this species is Asia,North America. It is a perennial or rhizomatous geophyte and grows primarily in the temperate biome. Calamus rhizome and fragrant leaves are traditionally used as drugs. It was used by indigenous tribes to treat cough. The dried and powdered rhizome having a sour flavor is used as a substitute for nutmeg, cinnamon and ginger. The rhizomes are tested for their ability to have carminative, expectorant, nauseate, nervine, sedative, stimulant, aromatic, anti-helminthic and antispasmodic properties. They are also used as medications for mental disorders, epilepsy, abdominal tumors, and also as antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anticonvulsant, etc. In this deliberation emphasis will be given to taxonomic identification, traditional applications, chemical diversity, therapeutic potential
viz; anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, analgesic, antispasmoic, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities etc. of some Zingiberaceae herbs viz; Zingiber chrysanthum .Hedychium, Alpinia, Acorus calamus of family poaceae.
Biography
Prof. Om Prakash has experience of 23 years in the field of natural products chemistry which can be evidenced with more than 173 research publication in international and nation journals of reputes with more than 1550 citation, 18,h-index and 40 i-10 index and he has presented about 29 papers in the international and national conferences. Dr. Prakash has guided 10 Ph. D. students and 23 students as Major guide for the M.Sc. students. Dr Prakash has explored investigations on the chemical composition of medicinal plants with the help of chromatographic and spectral techniques such as HPLC, GC, GC/MS, LC-MS, IR, UV and NMR and therapeutic potential of various aromatic and medicinal plants along with the effect of the environment on the quality of phytochemicals (secondary metabolites). The medicinal and aromatic plants(MAPs) have potential to biosynthesize the chemicals which can be either directly used or can be a model for synthesizing natural products based synthetic alternatives. At present, the Dr Prakash is engaged in the investigations of MAPs with exploration of natural bioactive components. Secondary metabolites have tremendous potential in the field of bioprospecting and pharmaceutical industry.